Method and device for the production of high temperatures



W. OEHM April 21, 1925.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH TEMPERATURES Filed Sept.20, 1921 Fig?.

wauw @Lim as) L* Patented Apr. 2l, i925..

iT A 'p hdt WLHELM OEM, OF DUSSELDOFJF, GERIiM-LNY.

IETHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ERO'DUCTIGN OF HIGH TEhTPERATUB/ES.

Application lcd September 20,` 1921. Serialy 1ro/502,007.

To all whom t may concer/IL:

Be it known that l, lVrn-rnniirOnrrM, a citizen of the uGerman Republic,residing at Dusseldorf, vGermany, have invented certain .new and usefulimprovements in Methods `and Devices for the Production of HighTemperatures, of` which the following is a specification.

.This invention relates to furnaces for the .production of hightemperatures and designed'specially to lenable. the combustion ofinferior fuel.; Such.inferior fuelscould be chimney@k draught wasincreased by producing-,with the aid of exhausting devices, ven tilatorsor steam jet blowers, a forced draught under the grate, in order tointensify Vthe combustion process. Such arrangements suffer, however,from the drawback that the gases when escaping through the chimneys orsmole stacls are not Vcompletely consumed, and there is consequently agreat waste of fuel. The use of heat accumulators heretofore proposed isnotsufficient toensure the complete combustion of `inferior fuels.v Alsoay drawback connected with the methods of combustion used at present isthat it-talres a long time to pro- -duce the full heating capacity ofthe Vfurnace. These objections are avoided by the method and apparatusof this invention.

ln the accompanying drawing two forms of construction of furnaces fortheutilization of this invention are illustrated.

Fig. l shows, in longitudinal section, a heating furnace or meltingfurnace. 2 is a horizontal section of the same on line EFH of Fig. l.Fig. 3 shows in longitudinal section a drying oven. Fig. 4t is a crosssection on line lV-lV of Fig. 3.

ln an oven or furnace l of convenient type, such as may be used, forinstance, for the heating of metallic parts or for the melting ofmetals, burners 3 are arranged in proximity to the chamber 2 for themate` rials to be heated, said burners having arrow-shaped slots 4L. Atube 5 inserted into the oven serves for connecting a conduit forcompressed air with the oven. This tube 5 is serpentine shaped or coiledat 6 in a heated chamber above and in close proximity to the burners 3,and it terminates in the shape of a thin nozzle 7 in each of the burners3. The arrow-shaped or converging slots 4, communicating with thecombustion chambers above the grates 3, ensure perfect The combustionchambers yabove the grates 8 for supporting t-he solid fuel-are providedwith chargingl openings 9. A flue` l() for the waste gases connects-the.end of the chamber 9. with a zig-.zag shapedliue ll whichcoinniunicatesV with the .atmosphere. rthe zig-zag course of the-gasesand the outlet to the atmosphere or open/air is indicated by the arrowsinllig; 2. i .zigzag shaped channel forthe ainforcombustion is formed byYthe specialarrangement of the walls of flue il. The course of the aircirculation to the ash-pit under the grate 3 is Adenoted by the arrowsin Fig. 2. The air for combustionv is admitted into theoven through the.inlet` l3vof the channel l2 so as to flow through this channel to the`ash-pit under the grates, and thence upward to the combustion chambersabovethe grates. The heated incoming air is sucked into the combustionchambers by the forced draft induced by the compressed air admittedtothe burners 3 through the .pipe or pipes 5. Small holes 2O serve foradmitting part of the air for combustion overthe gratesto the combustionchambers.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

The flames and the gases from the combustion of fuel on the grates 3 areforced through the slots a of the burners 3 by the action of the linejet of compressed air projected from the nozzles 7 in the direction ofthe longitudinal axis of the burners 3 so that said gases are completelyconsumed, whereupon the products of combustion are forced into thechamber 2 where they are utilized for heating the materials at hightemperatures. The waste products of combustion escape through the flue10 and the zig-zag shaped flue ll into the atmosphere, or they may beconducted to any other point in order to be further utilized, this beingpossible as they are still under a certain pressure.

ln travelling' through the zig-zag shaped flue ll the products ofcombustion give up part of their heat to the walls of the flue, so thatthe inflowing air for combustion, passing by said walls, is thuspreliminarily heated, as is also the compressed air entering to theburners through the pipe 5.

An essential advantage of this arrangement consists in the fact that thefurnace is heated to the required temperature shortly after thecompressed air has been injected, and that the chimney flue may becontracted and the draft suppressed as the gases have been thoroughlyconsumed, so that they can escape through a small or simple pipe.

Owing to this invention it is possible to completely consume inferiorfuel such as moist, mouldy raw lignite or the like, Without explosionsand Without the production of dense smoke which are otherwise liable tooccur.

Figs. 3 and d represent a` drying oven for rfoundry purposes and thelike which Works according to the improved method. The flames and thegases from combustion resulting from the combustion of the fuel upon thegrate 11i are forced to flow through the inclined slots 17 of a burner18 by the forcing action of the jet of compressed air coming out of thenarrow nozzle 1G of tube l5. The gases are conducted into the mould tobe dried through the outflow flue 19.

I claim l. In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, thecombination with a grate to support said fuel and above which grate isa. combustion chamber, of a burner communicating with said combustionchamber and constructed with communicating arrowshaped or convergingslots, a heating chamber With which said burner conmiunicates, and apipe for admitting con'ipressed air to said burner, said pipeterminating in a discharge nozzle centrally disposed relative to saidconverging slots.

2. In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, the combination With agrate to support said fuel and above which grate is a combustionchamber, of a. burner communicating with said combustion chamber andconstructed with communicating arrowshaped or converging slots, aheating chamber with which said burner communicates, a pipe foradmitting compressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in adischarge nozzle centrally disposed relative to said converging slots,and means for heating the compressed air thus discharged to said burner.

3. In a heating furnace for consiuniug solid fuel, the combination Witha grate to support said fuel and above which grate a combustion chamber,of a burner commu nicating with said combustion chamber and constructedwith communicating arrowshaped or converging slots, a. heating chamberwith which said burner communicates, a pipe for admitting compressed airto said burner, said pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle centrallydisposed relative to said converging slots, means for heating thecompressed air thus discharged to said burner, and a. zig-zag passagewayfrom said heating chamber to a discharge opening, and serving to heat aflue for incoming air for combustion.

In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, the combination with a.grate to support said fuel and above which grate is a combustionchamber, of a burner communicating with said combustion chamber andconstructed with communicating arrowshaped or eoniferging slots, aheating chamber with which said burner communicates, a pipe foradmitting compressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in adischarge nozzle centrally Vdisposed relative to said converging' slots,means for heat-ing the compressed air thus discharged 'to said burner,and a heated zigzag passageway through which fresh air for combustion issucked to said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

IVILHELM OEHM.

